Skip to main content Skip to main navigation menu Skip to site footer
Short communication
Austral J. Vet. Sci.
Vol 52, 55-61 (2020)
DOI: 10.4067/S0719-81322020000200055

Rumen fermentation and diet degradability in sheep fed sugarcane (Saccharum officinarum) silage supplemented with Tithonia diversifolia or alfalfa (Medicago sativa) and rice polishing

1 Posgrado en Ciencias Biológico Agropecuarias, Universidad Autónoma de Nayarit, Nayarit, México; Unidad Académica de Medicina Veterinaria y Zootecnia, Universidad Autónoma de Nayarit, Nayarit, México.
2 Posgrado en Ciencias Biológico Agropecuarias, Universidad Autónoma de Nayarit, Nayarit, México.
3 Unidad Académica de Medicina Veterinaria y Zootecnia, Universidad Autónoma de Nayarit, Nayarit, México.
4 Departamento de Nutrición Animal, Instituto Nacional de Ciencias Médicas y Nutrición Salvador Zubirán, Ciudad de México, México.
5 Facultad de Zootecnia y Ecología, Universidad Autónoma de Chihuahua, Chihuahua, México.
Keywords: ammonia energy forage protein

Submitted: 2019-09-23

Accepted: 2020-03-13

Published: 2020-05-01

*Corresponding author:
joselenin28@hotmail.com

How to Cite

Loya-Olguin, J. L., Vega-Granados, E., Gómez-Gurrola, A., Navarrete-Méndez, R., Calvo-Carrillo, C., García-Galicia, I. A., Valdés-García, Y. S., & Sanginés-García, L. (2020). Rumen fermentation and diet degradability in sheep fed sugarcane (Saccharum officinarum) silage supplemented with Tithonia diversifolia or alfalfa (Medicago sativa) and rice polishing. Austral Journal of Veterinary Sciences, 52(2), 55–61. https://doi.org/10.4067/S0719-81322020000200055

License

Copyright (c) 2020 José L. Loya-Olguin, Esteban Vega-Granados, Agapito Gómez-Gurrola, Raúl Navarrete-Méndez, Concepción Calvo-Carrillo, Iván A. García-Galicia, Yissel S. Valdés-García, Leonor Sanginés-García

Creative Commons License

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.

Abstract

The objective of this study was to evaluate ruminal fermentation (i.e. pH, ammonia, and volatile fatty acid concentrations) and in situ degradability of diets in sheep fed sugarcane silage (SCS) supplemented with Tithonia diversifolia (Td) or alfalfa (Medicago sativa) hay (A), with or without rice (Oriza sativa) polishing (RP) as an energy source. Four Blackbelly sheep (35 kg average body weight) with rumen cannula were used. The experimental diets were (g/kg of dry matter): Diet 1) SCS (686) + Td (294), Diet 2) SCS (460) + Td (226) + RP (294), Diet 3) SCS (637) + A (343), and Diet 4) SCS (441) + A (245) + RP (294). The remainder (20 g/kg of dry matter) was composed by minerals supplement and salt. Samples of diets were incubated into rumen for 3, 6, 9, 12, 24, 30, 36, 48, and 72 h to determine in situ degradability. Data were analysed with a linear mixed model. The lamb, period and lamb nested in period*diet were considered as a random variable. The inclusion of RP improved the degradability of diets and ammonia production in the rumen. The acetic, propionic, and butyric acid concentrations (mmol/100 mL) in rumen increased (P<0.03) when diets with alfalfa and RP were provided. The degradability of diets based on sugarcane silage supplemented with either alfalfa or Tithonia diversifolia was improved (P<0.05) with the rice polishing inclusion, with no difference (P>0.05) between these forages. In conclusion, energy supplementation, not necessarily from starch, is important to improve rumen fermentation and degradability of diets based on sugarcane silage.

Downloads

Download data is not yet available.

References

  1. AOAC, Association of Official Analytical Chemistry. 2000. Official Methods of Analysis. 17th ed. Gaithersburg, MD, USA.
  2. Bailey EA, Titgemeyer EC, Olson KC, Brake DW, Jones ML, et al. 2012. Effects of supplemental energy and protein on forage digestion and urea kinetics in growing beef cattle. J Anim Sci 90, 3492-3504.
  3. Benedeti PDB, Paulino PVR, Marcondes MI, Valadares Filho SC, Martins TS, et al. 2014. Soybean meal replaced by slow release urea in finishing diets for beef cattle. Livest Sci 165, 51-60.
  4. Dijkstra J. 1994. Production and absorption of volatile fatty acids in the rumen. Livest Prod Sci 39, 61-69.
  5. Erwin ES, Marco JG, Emery EM. 1969. Volatile fatty acid analysis of blood and rumen fluid by gas chromatography. J Dairy Sci 44, 1768-1771.
  6. France J, Siddons RC. 1993. Volatile fatty acid production. In: Forbes JM, France J (eds). Quantitative aspects of ruminant digestion and metabolism. CAB International, Wallingford, United Kingdom, Pp 107-121.
  7. Godeau JM, Gillet Y, Teller E, De Dryver G. 1987. Recyclage d’azote endogene par le rumen en période de jeûne chez la vache tarie. Ann Med Vet 131, 113-122.
  8. Goering HK, Van Soest PJ. 1970. Forage Fiber analyses (apparatus, reagents, procedures, and some applications). Agricultural Handbook 379, ARS-USDA, Washington, DC, USA.
  9. Hossain ME, Sultana S, Shahriar SMS, Khatun MM. 2012. Nutritive value of rice polish. Online J Anim Feed Res 2, 235-239.
  10. Jama, B, Palm CA, Buresh RJ, Niang A, Gachengo C, et al. 2000. Tithonia diversifolia as a green manure for soil fertility improvement in western Kenya: A review. Agroforest Syst 49, 201-221.
  11. Juliano BO. 1988. Rice bran. In: Houston DF (ed). Rice chemistry and technology. American Association of Cereal Chemists, St Paul, Minnesota, USA, Pp 647-687.
  12. Kayuki KC, Wortmann CS. 2001. Plant materials for soil fertility management in subhumid tropical areas. Agron J 93, 929-935.
  13. Krause KM, Combs DK, Beauchemin KA. 2002. Effects of forage particle size and grain fermentability in midlactation cows. II. Ruminal pH and chewing activity. J Dairy Sci 85, 1947-1957.
  14. Lins SEB, Pessoa RAS, Ferreira MA, Campos JMS, Silva JABA, et al. 2016. Spineless cactus as a replacement for wheat bran in sugar canebased diets for sheep: intake, digestibility, and ruminal parameters. Rev Bras Zootecn 45, 26-31.
  15. López-Soto MA, Rivera-Méndez CR, Aguilar-Hernández JA, Barreras A, Calderón-Cortés JF, et al. 2014. Effects of combining feed grade urea and a slow-release urea product on characteristics of digestion, microbial protein synthesis and digestible energy in steers fed diets with different starch:ADF ratios. Asian Austral. J Anim Sci 27, 187-193.
  16. Montañez-Valdez OD, Reyes-Gutiérrez JA, Guerra-Medina CE, AbdelFattah ZMS. 2013. Rumen dry matter degradability of fresh and ensiled sugarcane. Afri J Biotechnol 12, 2743-2747.
  17. Naranjo JF, Cuartas CA. 2011. Caracterización nutricional y de la cinética de degradación ruminal de algunos de los recursos forrajeros con potencial para la suplementación de rumiantes en el trópico alto de Colombia. Rev CES Med Vet Zootecn 6, 9-19.
  18. Nolan JV. 1993. Nitrogen kinetics. In: Forbes JM, France J (eds). Quantitative Aspects of ruminant digestion and metabolism. CAB International, Wallingford, United Kingdom, Pp 123-143.
  19. NRC, National Research Council. 1985. Nutrient requirements of sheep. The National Academy Press, Washington, DC, USA.
  20. NRC, National Research Council. 2007. Nutrient Requirements of Small Ruminants (sheep, goats, cervids, and new world camelids). The National Academy Press, Washington, DC, USA.
  21. Orskov ER, McDonald I. 1979. The estimation of protein degradability in the rumen from incubation measurements weighted according to rate of passage. J Agric Sci 92, 499.
  22. Orskov ER. 1999. Supplement strategies for ruminants and management of feeding to maximize utilization of roughages. Prev Vet Med 38, 179-185.
  23. Pedroso AF, Nussio LG, Paziani SF, Loures DRS, Igarasi MS, et al. 2005. Fermentation and epiphytic microflora dynamics in sugarcane silage. Sci Agr 62, 427-432.
  24. Premaratne S, Bruchem J, Perera HGD. 1997. Effects of type and level of forage supplementation on voluntary intake, and digestibility of rice straw in sheep. Asian Austral J Anim Sci 10, 226-228.
  25. Ramírez-Rivera U, Sanginés GR, Escobedo MJ, Cen CF, Rivera LJ, et al. 2010. Effect of diet inclusion of Tithonia diversifolia on feed intake, digestibility and nitrogen balance in tropical sheep. Agroforest Syst 80, 295-302.
  26. Reyes-Gutierrez JA, Montañez-Valdez OD, Rodríguez-Macias R, RuízLopez MA, Salcedo-Perez E, et al. 2012. Efecto de la adición de inóculo y aditivo en la digestibilidad in situ de la materia seca del ensilado de caña de azúcar. Cienc Tecnol 5, 13-16.
  27. Salinas-Chavira J, Guerrero VI, Robles CA, Montaño-Gómez MF, Montañez-Valdez OD. 2008. Effect of tallow and rice polishings in feedlot rations on growth and carcass characteristics of lambs. J Appl Anim Res 34, 45-48.
  28. Santos da Silva W, Carvalho dos Santos TM, Cavalcanti Neto CC, Espíndola Filho AM, Mesquita da Silva SG, et al. 2014. Características y estabilidad aeróbica de ensilajes de caña de azúcar, tratada con urea, NaOH y maíz. Pastos y Forrajes 37, 182-190.
  29. SAS, Statistical Analysis System. 2007. SAS/STAT 9.1 User’s Guide. SAS Institute Inc., Cary, NC, USA.
  30. Sousa DO, Mesquita B, Pires AV, Santana M, Silva L. 2017. Effects of fibre digestibility and level of roughage on performance and rumen fermentation of finishing beef cattle. Trop Anim Health Prod 49, 1503-1510.
  31. Vega GE, Sanginés GL, Gómez GA, Hernández-Ballesteros A, Solano L, et al. 2019. Replacement of alfalfa with Tithonia diversifolia in lambs fed sugar cane silage-based diets and rice polishing. Rev Mex Cienc Pecu 10, 267-282.
  32. Waldo DR, Smith LW, Cox EL. 1972. Models of cellulose disappearance from the rumen. J Dairy Sci 55, 125-129.
  33. Wambui CC, Abdulrazak SA, Noordin Q. 2006a . Performance of growing goats fed urea sprayed maize stover and supplemented with graded levels of Tithonia diversifolia. Asian Austral J Anim Sci 19, 992-996.
  34. Wambui CC, Abdulrazak SA, Noordin Q. 2006b. Performance of growing goats fed urea sprayed maize stover and supplemented with graded levels of Tithonia diversifolia. Asian Austral J Anim Sci 19, 992-996.
  35. Wanapat M, Pimpa O. 1999. Effect of ruminal NH3-N levels on ruminal fermentation, purine derivatives, digestibility and rice straw intake in swamp buffaloes. Asian Austral. J Anim Sci 12, 904-907.

Make a Submission

Make a Submission

Journal Metrics (2025) & Ranking

JOURNAL METRICS & RANKING (2025)

Impact Factor (2025) 0.5
5 years Impact Factor 1.0
JCR Quartile Q4
JIF Rank 146/170 (Veterinary Sciences)
SJR (2025) 0.208

Indexed in

Publisher


This journal is published by the Facultad de Ciencias Veterinarias, Universidad Austral de Chile

Keywords